Every rule the Knight tracks, by title.

The governing texts behind the platform's coverage: carbon allowance programs, the renewable fuels complex, RECs and renewable standards, ETS, voluntary carbon, and the ISO tariffs - grouped the way a desk searches. Type a program, an acronym, or a fuel: "biodiesel" finds the RINs group, "cca" finds Cap-and-Trade, "rggi", "cfr", "rng", "45z" and friends all land where you expect. Titles link to the official current texts; full downloaded copies with change tracking live in the key-gated document library.

Showing 249 of 249 tracked sources. These are the regulatory sources the desk watches; the Library holds the documents actually ingested from them.

RINs & Renewable Fuels (RFS) (4)Renewable Natural Gas (1)Clean-fuel & clean-energy tax credits (45Z / 45Q / 45V / IRA) (4)California & Quebec Cap-and-Trade (WCI / CCA) (8)Washington Cap-and-Invest (3)RGGI (18)LCFS family (CA / OR / WA / BC / CO / HI) (10)Canada Clean Fuel Regulations (2)Alberta TIER (3)Canada federal & provincial carbon (36)EU & UK ETS (2)Voluntary carbon & CORSIA (16)RECs & renewable standards (RPS / CES) (45)US EPA & federal energy rules (27)ISO / RTO market rules (19)Mexico (11)US state air & climate programs (38)Other & cross-cutting (2)

RINs & Renewable Fuels (RFS) (4)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
40 CFR Part 1090 (Fuels) - full text	US Federal	RFS-RINs
40 CFR Part 80 (RFS) - full text	US Federal	RFS-RINs
EPA RFS program	US Federal	RFS-RINs
FAA Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) GREET model & credits	US Federal	SAF-GREET

Renewable Natural Gas (1)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
EPA RNG under RFS	US Federal	RNG

Clean-fuel & clean-energy tax credits (45Z / 45Q / 45V / IRA) (4)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
IRS Section 45Q Carbon Oxide Sequestration Credit	US Federal	45Q-CarbonCapture
IRS Section 45V Clean Hydrogen Production Credit	US Federal	45V-CleanHydrogen
IRS Section 45Z Clean Fuel Production Credit (Inflation Reduction Act)	US Federal	45Z-CleanFuel
Inflation Reduction Act - energy provisions overview (DOE)	US Federal	IRA-Energy

California & Quebec Cap-and-Trade (WCI / CCA) (8)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
Quebec C&T regulation (Q-2, r.46.1)	Canada	QC-Cap-and-Trade
Quebec Cap-and-Trade system overview (MELCCFP)	Canada - QC	QC-CAT
International Carbon Action Partnership - North American ETS factsheets	North America	CCA-ICAP
Western Climate Initiative (WCI) Inc. - linked carbon markets overview	North America	WCI
CA Cap-and-Trade Regulation (unofficial)	US State	Cap-and-Trade
CARB 2022 Scoping Plan (2045 Carbon Neutrality)	US State - CA	CA-GHG-Scoping
CARB GHG inventory data (2000-present)	US State - CA	CA-GHG-Inventory
CARB regulations (California Code of Regulations Title 17)	US State - CA	CA-CARB-Regs

Washington Cap-and-Invest (3)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
WAC 173-446 (Cap-and-Invest)	US State	WA-Cap-and-Invest
WA Climate Commitment Act (SB 5126 2021)	US State - WA	WA-ClimateCommitment
WA Ecology Cap-and-Invest (CCA) program overview	US State - WA	WA-CCA

RGGI (18)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
NJ DEP RGGI (N.J.A.C. 7:27C)	US State	RGGI
RGGI 101 Factsheet	US State	RGGI
RGGI Model Rule 2008	US State	RGGI
RGGI Model Rule 2017 (revised)	US State	RGGI
RGGI state statutes & regulations index	US State	RGGI
CT DEEP RGGI program page	US State - CT	CT-RGGI
CT Regulations of State Agencies Sec. 22a-174-31	US State - CT	CT-RGGI
DE DNREC RGGI program page	US State - DE	DE-RGGI
MA DOER RGGI overview	US State - MA	MA-RGGI
MD MDE RGGI program page	US State - MD	MD-RGGI
ME DEP RGGI program page	US State - ME	ME-RGGI
NH DES RGGI program page	US State - NH	NH-RGGI
NJ DEP RGGI program page	US State - NJ	NJ-RGGI
NY DEC RGGI program page	US State - NY	NY-RGGI
PA DEP RGGI program page	US State - PA	PA-RGGI
RI DEM RGGI program page	US State - RI	RI-RGGI
VA DEQ RGGI program page	US State - VA	VA-RGGI
VT DEC RGGI program page	US State - VT	VT-RGGI

LCFS family (CA / OR / WA / BC / CO / HI) (10)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
BC Low Carbon Fuels Act	Canada	BC-LCFS
BC Low Carbon Fuels Act (SBC 2022, c.21) - consolidated	Canada - BC	BC-LCFS
BC Renewable & Low Carbon Fuel Requirements Regulation	Canada - BC	BC-LCFS
CA LCFS Final Reg Order (unofficial, Jul 2025)	US State	LCFS
OAR 340-253 (Clean Fuels)	US State	OR-CFP
WAC 173-424 (Clean Fuels)	US State	WA-CFS
CO Clean Fuel Standard (CCIP) program	US State - CO	CO-CCIP
HI Clean Fuels Standard	US State - HI	HI-CFS
OR DEQ Clean Fuels Program overview	US State - OR	OR-CFP
WA Clean Fuel Standard (CFS) program overview	US State - WA	WA-CFS

Canada Clean Fuel Regulations (2)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
Clean Fuel Regulations SOR/2022-140 (PDF)	Canada	CFR
Clean Fuel Regulations program overview (ECCC)	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-CFR

Alberta TIER (3)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
Alberta TIER program	Canada	TIER
Alberta TIER benchmarks and guidelines	Canada - AB	AB-TIER
Alberta Technology Innovation and Emissions Reduction Regulation (Alta. Reg. 133/2019)	Canada - AB	AB-TIER

Canada federal & provincial carbon (36)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
Alberta Emissions Reduction and Energy Development Plan	Canada - AB	AB-ERP
Alberta Renewable Electricity Program overview	Canada - AB	AB-REP
Alberta Utilities Commission - generation rules	Canada - AB	AB-AUC
BC Carbon Tax Act (SBC 2008, c.40) - consolidated	Canada - BC	BC-CarbonTax
BC Greenhouse Gas Industrial Reporting and Control Act (GGIRCA)	Canada - BC	BC-GHG-Reporting
BC Industrial Incentive Program (IIP / OBPS override) overview	Canada - BC	BC-OBPS
BC Zero-Emission Vehicles Act	Canada - BC	BC-ZEV
CleanBC - BC's climate action plan	Canada - BC	BC-CleanBC
MB performance-based carbon pricing (OBPS-equivalent) overview	Canada - MB	MB-OBPS
Manitoba Climate and Green Future Plan	Canada - MB	MB-ClimateAndGreenFuture
Manitoba Environment - air quality regulations	Canada - MB	MB-AQ
NB Climate Change Action Plan and OBPS overview	Canada - NB	NB-ClimateChange
NB Department of Environment - air quality	Canada - NB	NB-AQ
NL Charting our Course - climate change action plan	Canada - NL	NL-ClimateChange
NL Industrial Carbon Pricing (OBPS) overview	Canada - NL	NL-OBPS
Nova Scotia Cap-and-Trade program overview	Canada - NS	NS-CAP
NWT Sustainable Livelihoods and Integrated Planning (SLIP) - climate	Canada - NT	NT-SLIP
Ontario EPS regulation O. Reg. 220/20 (e-Laws)	Canada - ON	ON-EPS
Ontario Emissions Performance Standards (O. Reg. 220/20) overview	Canada - ON	ON-EPS
Ontario Environmental Registry of Ontario (regulations search)	Canada - ON	ON-ERO
Ontario GHG Reporting Regulation (O. Reg. 143/16)	Canada - ON	ON-GHG-Reporting
Ontario IESO - Acts and Regulations	Canada - ON	ON-CleanElectricity
PEI Pathways to Decarbonization climate plan	Canada - PEI	PEI-ClimateChange
Quebec 2030 Plan for a Green Economy	Canada - QC	QC-GreenEconomy
Quebec GHG mandatory reporting regulation (Q-2, r.15)	Canada - QC	QC-GHG-Reporting
Quebec Zero-Emission Vehicles Standard (Q-2, r.35.5)	Canada - QC	QC-ZEV
SK Ministry of Environment air quality regulations	Canada - SK	SK-AQ
Saskatchewan Output-Based Performance Standards (OBPS) overview	Canada - SK	SK-OBPS
Yukon Our Clean Future climate strategy	Canada - YT	YT-ClimateChange
Canada 2030 Emission Reduction Plan	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-Pan2030
Canada ECCC GHG Emissions Reporting (facility-level)	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-GHGRP
Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA) - consolidated	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-CEPA
Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act (S.C. 2021, c.22)	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-NetzeroAct
Fuel Charge (carbon backstop) - GGPPA Part 1	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-CarbonTax
Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act (GGPPA) - consolidated PDF	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-OBPS
Output-Based Pricing System (OBPS) program overview	Canada Federal	CA-Fed-OBPS

EU & UK ETS (2)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
Directive 2003/87/EC consolidated (PDF)	EU	EU-ETS
GHG Emissions Trading Scheme Order 2020 (PDF)	UK	UK-ETS

Voluntary carbon & CORSIA (16)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
ICAO CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units (Oct 2025)	International	CORSIA
California AB 1305 - Voluntary Carbon Market Disclosures (HSC Part 10, sec. 44475)	US State	VCM-Disclosure
ACR Standard v8.0 (Oct 2023)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-ACR
ART TREES Standard v2.0 (Aug 2021)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-ART
Climate Action Reserve - Reserve Offset Program Manual v9.2 (Apr 2024)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-CAR
Global Carbon Council 2.0 Program Manual v5.0 (Dec 2024)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-GCC
Gold Standard for the Global Goals - Principles & Requirements v1.2	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-GoldStandard
ICAO CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units (current edition)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-CORSIA
ICVCM CCP Assessment Framework (Section 4)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-ICVCM
ICVCM Core Carbon Principles (CCP Book v1.1)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM
Paris Agreement Art 6.4 (PACM) Methodologies Standard A6.4-STAN-METH-001	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-Article6
Plan Vivo (PV Climate) Project Requirements v5.7	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-PlanVivo
Puro Standard General Rules v4.4	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-Puro
VCMI Claims Code of Practice v3.0 (Apr 2025)	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-VCMI
Verra VCS Program Guide v4.2	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-Verra
Verra VCS Standard v4.7	Voluntary Carbon Market	VCM-Verra

RECs & renewable standards (RPS / CES) (45)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
Mexico Ley de Transicion Energetica (LTE) - full text	Mexico Federal	MX-CleanEnergy
Mexico Ley de la Industria Electrica (LIE) - full text	Mexico Federal	MX-CleanEnergy
California RPS (CPUC)	US State	RPS-CA
DSIRE database	US State	RPS-DSIRE
Illinois Power Agency (RPS)	US State	RPS-IL
Massachusetts RPS Class I (225 CMR 14.00)	US State	RPS-MA
New Jersey RPS (N.J.A.C. 14:8)	US State	RPS-NJ
New York Clean Energy Standard	US State	RPS-NY
Texas RPS (PUCT 16 TAC 25.173)	US State	RPS-TX
AZ Renewable Energy Standard and Tariff (REST - ACC R14-2-1801)	US State - AZ	AZ-RES
CA CPUC Clean Energy Policy overview	US State - CA	CA-CleanEnergy
CA SB 100 Clean Electricity Standard (CPUC implementation)	US State - CA	CA-SB100
CO Renewable Energy Standard (C.R.S. 40-2-124)	US State - CO	CO-RPS
CT Renewable Portfolio Standard overview	US State - CT	CT-RPS
DE Renewable Portfolio Standard (Title 26 Del. Code sec. 354)	US State - DE	DE-RPS
HI Renewable Portfolio Standard (HRS 269-91)	US State - HI	HI-RPS
MA 2050 Clean Energy and Climate Plan	US State - MA	MA-CleanElectricity
MA Clean Peak Energy Standard	US State - MA	MA-CleanPeaks
MD Renewable Portfolio Standard	US State - MD	MD-RPS
ME Renewable Portfolio Standard (35-A MRSA sec. 3210)	US State - ME	ME-RPS
MI Clean Energy Package (Public Acts 235-236 of 2023) - overview	US State - MI	MI-RPS
MI Clean Energy and Climate Action Plan	US State - MI	MI-CleanEnergy
MN Renewable Portfolio Standard (MN Statute 216B.1691)	US State - MN	MN-RPS
MT Renewable Portfolio Standard (MCA 69-3-2001)	US State - MT	MT-RPS
NC Clean Energy Plan / Carbon Plan (NCUC)	US State - NC	NC-CleanEnergy
NH Renewable Portfolio Standard (RSA 362-F)	US State - NH	NH-RPS
NJ Clean Energy Act (P.L.2018, c.17) overview	US State - NJ	NJ-CleanEnergy
NJ Renewable Portfolio Standard (N.J.A.C. 14:8-2)	US State - NJ	NJ-RPS
NV PUCN Clean Energy programs	US State - NV	NV-CleanEnergy
NV Renewable Portfolio Standard (NRS 704.7801-704.7828)	US State - NV	NV-RPS
NY Accelerated Renewable Energy Growth Act overview	US State - NY	NY-ACE
NY CES Order (Case 15-E-0302)	US State - NY	NY-CES
OR Renewable Portfolio Standard (ORS 469A)	US State - OR	OR-RPS
PA Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards (AEPS - Act 213)	US State - PA	PA-AEPS
RI Renewable Energy Standard	US State - RI	RI-RPS
TX PUCT Chapter 25 Electric Rules	US State - TX	TX-RPS
TX RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard - PUCT 16 TAC 25.173)	US State - TX	TX-RPS
VA Renewable Portfolio Standard	US State - VA	VA-RPS
VT Renewable Energy Standard (30 V.S.A. sec. 8005)	US State - VT	VT-RPS
WA Clean Energy Transformation Act (RCW 19.285)	US State - WA	WA-RPS
WI Renewable Portfolio Standard (Wis. Stat. 196.378)	US State - WI	WI-RPS
GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance (market-based / RECs)	Voluntary Carbon Market	REC-GHGProtocol
Green-e Renewable Energy Standard (US & Canada)	Voluntary Carbon Market	REC-Green-e
Green-e Renewable Fuels Standard (biomethane/RNG)	Voluntary Carbon Market	REC-Green-e
International Attribute Tracking Standard v1.1 (I-REC)	Voluntary Carbon Market	REC-I-REC

US EPA & federal energy rules (27)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
40 CFR 257 (Coal Combustion Residuals) - full text	US Federal	EPA-CCR
40 CFR 423 (Steam Electric ELG) - full text	US Federal	EPA-ELG
40 CFR 51 Subpart P (Visibility / Regional Haze) - full text	US Federal	EPA-RegionalHaze
40 CFR 60 Subpart Da (Electric Utility Steam Generating Units) - full text	US Federal	EPA-NSPS
40 CFR 63 Subpart UUUUU (MATS) - full text	US Federal	EPA-MATS
40 CFR 75 (Continuous Emission Monitoring) - full text	US Federal	EPA-CEMS
40 CFR 97 (CSAPR / Good Neighbor trading) - full text	US Federal	EPA-CSAPR
40 CFR 98 (GHG Reporting Program) - full text	US Federal	EPA-GHGRP
40 CFR Part 51 - State Implementation Plans	US Federal	EPA-CAA-Part51
40 CFR Part 60 - NSPS (full index)	US Federal	EPA-CAA-Part60
40 CFR Part 68 - Risk Management Programs (RMP)	US Federal	EPA-RMP
AIM Act HFC phasedown overview	US Federal	EPA-AIM-Act
Acid Rain Program (Title IV) overview	US Federal	EPA-CleanAirMarkets
Clean Air Act - EPA overview	US Federal	EPA-CAA
Clean Air Act - full statute (PDF)	US Federal	EPA-CAA
Clean Air Markets program overview	US Federal	EPA-CleanAirMarkets
Clean Water Act - EPA summary	US Federal	EPA-CWA
DOE Appliance & Equipment Energy Efficiency Standards	US Federal	DOE-EERE
DOE Loan Programs Office - clean energy financing	US Federal	DOE-LPO
FERC landmark orders list	US Federal	FERC-Orders
GHGRP program overview	US Federal	EPA-GHGRP
GHGRP reported data (facility-level)	US Federal	EPA-GHGRP
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)	US Federal	EPA-NAAQS
Order No. 2222 - Distributed Energy Resource Aggregation	US Federal	FERC-Order2222
Order No. 841 - Electric Storage Participation	US Federal	FERC-Order841
Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP)	US Federal	EPA-SNAP
State Implementation Plans (SIPs) overview	US Federal	EPA-SIP

ISO / RTO market rules (19)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
CAISO Business Practice Manuals	US ISO/RTO	CAISO-BPM
CAISO Conformed Tariff (Feb 27 2026)	US ISO/RTO	CAISO-Tariff
ERCOT Nodal Operating Guides	US ISO/RTO	ERCOT-OperatingGuides
ERCOT Nodal Protocols (complete, Mar 2026)	US ISO/RTO	ERCOT-Protocols
ISO-NE Manuals	US ISO/RTO	ISONE-Manuals
ISO-NE OATT (Section II of the ISO Tariff)	US ISO/RTO	ISONE-Tariff
M11 Energy & Ancillary Services Market	US ISO/RTO	PJM-Manuals
M18 Capacity Market (RPM)	US ISO/RTO	PJM-Manuals
M28 Operating Agreement Accounting	US ISO/RTO	PJM-Manuals
MISO Business Practice Manuals	US ISO/RTO	MISO-Manuals
MISO Tariff (FERC eTariff portal)	US ISO/RTO	MISO-Tariff
NYISO Manuals & Tech Bulletins	US ISO/RTO	NYISO-Manuals
NYISO Tariffs (full MST & OATT)	US ISO/RTO	NYISO-Tariff
PJM Open Access Transmission Tariff (OATT)	US ISO/RTO	PJM-Tariff
PJM Operating Agreement	US ISO/RTO	PJM-Tariff
PJM Reliability Assurance Agreement (RAA)	US ISO/RTO	PJM-Tariff
PJM manuals library	US ISO/RTO	PJM-Manuals
SPP Governance / OATT	US ISO/RTO	SPP-Tariff
SPP OATT Business Practices	US ISO/RTO	SPP-OATT-BP

Mexico (11)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
CENACE (grid operator) - operating guidelines	Mexico Federal	MX-CENACE
CENAGAS (natural gas grid) - regulations	Mexico Federal	MX-CENAGAS
CNH (hydrocarbons regulator) - legal framework	Mexico Federal	MX-CNH
CRE (Comision Reguladora de Energia) - regulations	Mexico Federal	MX-CRE
Ley General de Cambio Climatico (LGCC) - full text PDF	Mexico Federal	MX-LGCC
Mexico ETS official gazette agreement (DOF)	Mexico Federal	MX-ETS
Mexico IEPS Carbon Tax (impuesto a combustibles fosiles) overview	Mexico Federal	MX-CarbonTax
Mexico Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 2020)	Mexico Federal	MX-NDC
Mexico Sistema de Comercio de Emisiones (ETS pilot) overview	Mexico Federal	MX-ETS
SEMARNAT - Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales	Mexico Federal	MX-SEMARNAT
SEMARNAT national GHG inventory (INECC)	Mexico Federal	MX-SEMARNAT

US state air & climate programs (38)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
AZ DEQ Air Quality programs	US State - AZ	AZ-ADEQ-AQ
CA Hybrid & Zero-Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project	US State - CA	CA-HVIP
CA ZEV/ACC2 rulemaking documents	US State - CA	CA-ACC2
CARB Advanced Clean Cars II (ACC II) regulation	US State - CA	CA-ACC2
CARB Advanced Clean Trucks (ACT) regulation	US State - CA	CA-ACT
CO CDPHE Air Quality programs	US State - CO	CO-CleanAir
CO HB21-1261 GHG Pollution Reduction Roadmap	US State - CO	CO-HB21-1261
FL DEP Air Resources Management	US State - FL	FL-DEP-AQ
GA EPD Air Quality programs	US State - GA	GA-EPD-AQ
HI Climate Health & Clean Energy Commission	US State - HI	HI-ClimateHealth
IA DNR Air Quality programs	US State - IA	IA-DNR-AQ
ID DEQ Air Quality programs	US State - ID	ID-DEQ-AQ
IL Climate and Equitable Jobs Act (PA 102-0662)	US State - IL	IL-CEJA
IL EPA Air Quality regulations	US State - IL	IL-IEPA-AQ
IN IDEM Air Quality regulations	US State - IN	IN-IDEM-AQ
KY Division for Air Quality	US State - KY	KY-DEP-AQ
Maryland Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Act - 2030 plan	US State - MD	MD-MGGRA
MN Next Generation Energy Act / 100% Clean Energy (SF4 2023)	US State - MN	MN-NextGen
MN PCA Air Quality programs	US State - MN	MN-PCA-AQ
MO DNR Air Pollution Control program	US State - MO	MO-MDNR-AQ
MT DEQ Air Quality programs	US State - MT	MT-DEQ-AQ
NC Division of Air Quality regulations	US State - NC	NC-DAQ
NM Air Quality Bureau regulations	US State - NM	NM-AQB
NM Energy Transition Act / 100% clean electricity	US State - NM	NM-AEMD
OH EPA Air Quality regulations and programs	US State - OH	OH-OEPA-AQ
OR Climate Protection Program (DEQ)	US State - OR	OR-ClimateProtection
OR GHG Reporting program	US State - OR	OR-GHG
RI Act on Climate (R.I.G.L. 42-6.2)	US State - RI	RI-ActOnClimate
SC DHEC Air Quality regulations (R. 61-62)	US State - SC	SC-DHEC-AQ
TN TDEC Air Pollution Control regulations	US State - TN	TN-TDEC-AQ
TX Administrative Code Title 30 (TCEQ rules)	US State - TX	TX-TCEQ-Regs
TX TCEQ Air Quality programs overview	US State - TX	TX-TCEQ-AQ
UT Division of Air Quality regulations	US State - UT	UT-DAQ
VA Clean Economy Act (SB851/HB1526 2020)	US State - VA	VA-VCEA
VA DEQ Clean Economy Act regulations (9VAC15-60)	US State - VA	VA-VCEA-Regs
VT Global Warming Solutions Act (Act 153 of 2020)	US State - VT	VT-GHG
WI DNR Air Quality regulations	US State - WI	WI-AQ
WV DEP Division of Air Quality	US State - WV	WV-DEP-AQ

Other & cross-cutting (2)

Title	Jurisdiction	Program
North American Carbon Atlas Group (NACAG) - CCS regulations overview	North America	NACAG
UNFCCC national communications - US, Canada, Mexico inventory submissions	North America	UNFCCC-NA

This index renders live from the platform's regulation catalogs; documents enrolled for change-tracking appear here automatically. eCFR entries link to the current consolidated text.